Rock climbing is an exhilarating and challenging sport, but it gets even more intense when it’s time to descend. Climbers must have the right skills, knowledge, and equipment to get down safely. In this article, we’ll discuss the different methods of descent and what factors should be taken into consideration when it comes to safely rappelling down a rock face.
What is Rappelling?
Rappelling is the most common method of descent in rock climbing. It involves the use of a rope, anchor, and a variety of devices, including rappel devices, to safely descend a rock face. In rappelling, the climber attaches the rope to an anchor point at the top of the climb and then rappels down the rock face, controlling the descent with the rappel device.
Rappel Devices
There are several different types of rappel devices available for climbers to use, and the choice of device will depend on the type of rock climbing being done. The most common rappel devices are the: ATC, Figure 8, and Tubular Descender.
ATC (Air Traffic Controller)
The ATC (Air Traffic Controller) is a popular rappel device that is used by both beginner and experienced climbers. It is a lightweight and simple device that is easy to use and can be used to rappel down a variety of rock faces. The ATC is adjustable and can be used to rappel in both directions.
Figure 8
The Figure 8 is a more advanced rappel device that is used by experienced climbers. It is used to rappel down steep and overhanging rock faces, as well as for multi-pitch rappels. The Figure 8 rappel device is designed to provide more friction than other rappel devices and is adjustable for both directions.
Tubular Descender
The Tubular Descender is a type of rappel device that is designed for experienced climbers. It is used for long rappels and is designed to provide the most friction possible. The Tubular Descender can be used for both single and multi-pitch rappels.
Safety Considerations
Before rappelling down a rock face, it is important to take a few safety considerations into account. First and foremost, climbers should be sure to use the proper safety equipment and follow all safety protocols. This includes wearing a harness, tying into a rappel device, and connecting to an anchor point. It is also important to inspect all equipment for wear and tear before rappelling down a rock face.
Rappelling Techniques
Rappelling down a rock face requires the use of a few different techniques. One technique is the “fireman’s belay”, which involves one climber rappelling while another climber belays them from the ground. This technique is used to help ensure that the rappeller does not fall too far if they slip.
Another technique is the “controlled descent”, which involves using the rope and rappel device to control the rate of descent. With this technique, the climber can adjust their speed depending on the terrain and obstacles they may encounter on the way down.
Conclusion
Rappelling is the most common method of descent in rock climbing. It requires the use of a rope, anchor, and rappel device to safely descend a rock face. Before rappelling, climbers should be sure to use the proper safety equipment and follow all safety protocols. Additionally, there are several different techniques that climbers can use to control their descent. With the right skills, knowledge, and equipment, climbers can safely and confidently rappel down any rock face.